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Thesis Writing (Fall, 2006)
認識了這個歷史脈絡,才能認識為什麼高等學府對於抄襲十分看重,也才能認識正是因為抄襲太過普遍、不容易抓到或遏止,因此教育體制近年來都花了很多精力和資源,來教導學生和學人正確使用資料的方式,以期先行阻止抄襲的發生,也更為徹底的規訓學術人的操作方式。
以下是我們收集的一些正式定義,從中也可體會學術成規的精神:
1.
Plagiarism is the act of using another person’s ideas or expressions in your writing without acknowledging the source. (21)重點是必須交代資料來源
Derived from the Latin Word Plagiarius (“kidnapper”), plagiarism refers to a form of cheating that has been defined as “the false assumption of authorship: the wrongful act of taking the product of another person’s mind, and presenting it as one’s own” (Alexander Lindey, Plagiarism and Originality [New York: Harper, 1952] 2). (1.7)新版的MLA手冊對於抄襲有了更為強勢的定義,也把抄襲的故意性視為作弊欺騙
2.
Fundamentally, plagiarism is the offering of the words or ideas of another person as one’s own. (48) (78)
Plagiarism is purposely using another’s person’s writing as your own. (5h)這個新版本也和MLA新版本一樣強調動機是故意的
3.
Plagiarism, a word from the Latin for kidnapping that now means the use of another person’s ideas or wording without giving appropriate credit, results from inaccurate or incomplete attribution of material to its source. (55)這個定義在追溯源頭時很嚴重,但是說明時卻又有些輕鬆了
4.
When you use someone else’s ideas or phrasing without giving him credit, you are plagiarizing (stealing).這裡等同偷竊
5.
Plagiarism is the act of passing off another’s words and ideas as one’s own. The question of when one has plagiarized and when one simply has asserted a general truth from an unknown source can be sometimes puzzling…No generation speaks a language of its own invention; few people are creators of the proverbs and sayings that that they utter daily. The mother who tells her child, “A thing of beauty is a joy forever,” is plagiarizing from the poet John Keats…Innumerable other examples can be given to show how we freely and openly borrow ideas and expressions from one another. 先說明引用抄襲都是常見的
Blatant plagiarism, however, involves the deliberate stealing of another’s words and ideas, generally with the motive of earning underserved rewards…但是如果有意騙成績或業績,那就不一樣了
Under the conventions of writing research papers, you must acknowledge the source of any idea and statement not truly your own…In sum, to avoid plagiarism, you must do the following:
※Provide a note for any idea borrowed from another.
※Place quoted material within quotation marks. dPo Lovelycumslut Pl 550 Lovely Cum Slut Research
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